Optimization of walnut grafting method
Unfortunately, unlike other fruit trees, walnut transplantation has many problems, and due to the importance of very valuable genotypes in Iran, the research project Optimization of walnut transplantation method by the Jihad University of Tehran Branch of Plant Genetic Breeding Research Group began in 2000. شد.
Dr. Ebadi, supervisor and executor, said: The results obtained are promising and have increased the attractiveness of transplanted seedlings up to three times.
Regarding the economic benefits of the project, he said: According to existing reports, the percentage of walnut grafts in Iranian nurseries is less than 20%, while using new methods, the percentage can be increased to 60%; Therefore, producing a large number of transplanted walnut seedlings that are genetically acceptable will be much more economical than the current situation.
Ebadi pointed out that the walnut tree is genetically impure and its propagation through sowing seeds leads to the differentiation of traits and the formation of completely different trees, he said: walnut propagation through methods such as cuttings or micropropagation now It is not possible, so the link is very important.
Of course, walnut transplantation was not common until about 200 years ago, and for this reason in different countries, several genotypes with different traits can be found that the identification of superior genotypes is of great importance.
He continued: Today, in order to have uniform gardens of improved cultivars and genotypes, seedling seedlings should be transplanted, because otherwise the product obtained from such trees is not uniform and will be sold at a lower price. arrives.
Ebadi added: In developed and major walnut producing countries, transplanted seedlings start to produce after 2 to 3 years of planting in the main place and their economic production begins in the fourth and fifth years, which is hoped to exploit The results of this research project will create a change in the country’s walnut orchards.
Masoud Ahmadzadeh, head of the University Jihad of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, referring to the extensive Touba project in the country, said: We hope that by using the results of this project and completing research circles, suitable areas for planting this plant in terms of water, soil and Identify the climate and cultivate it.
Regarding the complementary plans of this project, he said: Considering the country’s need for research in this field, it is necessary to conduct additional research on the selection of pest-resistant rootstocks, diseases and environmental conditions and their genetic modification in order to select superior traits. Be. Harvesting mechanization is also one of the important measures that need to be addressed in the future.