Caviar stays in the Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea, with an area of 400,000 square kilometers, is home to the largest inland waters of the earth.
Sturgeons need 8 to 15 years to reach maturity, and if the conditions are right, they can live up to 80 years.
Caviar is famous because it has healing properties. Raw is consumed with salt and due to the low salinity of the Caspian Sea compared to other seas, the taste of Caspian Sea caviar is different from 29 other species in the world and is known as delicious salt and has legal and illegal markets of several billion dollars.
Over the past century, human habits and tastes have led to the breakdown of estrogen fish. The World Wildlife Fund reports that the number of adult sturgeons in the Caspian Sea has declined from 2,200 tonnes in 1978 to 1,100 tonnes in 1994 and could be eliminated within the next 10 years. .
Prior to 1991, the Soviet Union and Iran had the Caspian Sea border and caviar was under control, especially fishing in the rivers to which sturgeon migrated, but with the collapse of the Soviet Union, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan were formed and new developments It happened and Baku became interested in the rapid extraction of oil, and offshore explorations and oil wells polluted the Caspian Sea, pumping 300 million cubic meters of sewage into the sea annually, and Russian factories also injected industrial sewage into the sea. Kazakhstan peaked and more than 650 industrial companies dumped their sewage into the Caspian Sea.
Domestic wastewater also entered the Caspian Sea from Iran, when a serious decline in sturgeon stocks was identified. Species and resource conservation was for future generations.
It has been under CITES control since 1998 due to concerns about the illegal harvesting and trade of sturgeon.
In April 2000, the Consortium of Control strengthened the control of sturgeon using a global marking system for caviar exports, as well as required all countries in the region to harmonize their exports and annual regulations in 2001, including Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan have called for a significant reduction in that year’s quota for sturgeon fishing and caviar exports.
The committee also called on governments to make a number of amendments, including scientific assessments of sturgeon populations with FAO support, to ensure that export and import credits are scientifically valid, strengthen their control over domestic trade in sturgeon, and control production. Consider performance improvement, licensing, identification, labeling and production system.
During subsequent processes, the Committee called for commercial fishing governments to be replaced by fisheries for reconstruction.
During the sturgeon fishing season, which begins in October and lasts until March, exports were banned so that governments could adequately report on their countries’ efforts in this area.
Fisheries in small boats 11 km from the shore try to catch caviar, sometimes it takes 8 hours and sometimes it does not happen in a day, they have equipment that if the fish is caught, it will survive and not be injured to reach the shore safely. Specialized parent company of sturgeon.
Asadollahi, director general of sturgeon affairs in Mazandaran, says that at this stage, the fish is bought from fishermen, then they are registered by transferring the fish, and by measuring the height and weight and recording the code of this fish, it can be identified wherever it goes.
Nouri, in charge of sturgeon breeding in Shahid Rajaei Center in Sari, says: The fish stays in a concrete pond for 24 hours and then is transferred to a pond that has conditions close to the sea in terms of environment and temperature to reach the stage of sexual maturation and reproduction.
From October to March, fishing continues for reconstruction.
In 2014, David Morgan – Head of CITEC Scientific Services Group, during his visit to Iran’s infrastructure to help estrogen fish survive, praised Iran’s efforts and said: The investments of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the field of infrastructure and technical skills in the field Sturgeon farming is a great opportunity to grow the lake’s wildlife.
Asadollahi, Director General of Mazandaran Sturgeon Affairs, says: In Iran, five centers operate in such a way that Mazandaran’s share in the reconstruction of Caspian wild caviar is 50%.
With these efforts, caviar will remain in the Caspian Sea, and future generations will enjoy this blessing in employment and economic benefits.