khatam in the Safavid period
The Safavid era is one of the golden periods of Khatam’s art in Iran. This art reached its peak, especially during the reign of Shah Abbas Kabir.
Based on the available evidence, the ninth century AH may be considered the culmination of the glory and flourishing of Khatam’s art in Iran. During this period, the decoration of various wooden objects, all kinds of boxes and musical instruments can be seen a lot.
One of the highest examples of Khatam’s art, which combines wisdom, philosophy, religion and beauty, is the work of Herat School leader (Kamal al-Din Behzad), the leader of the Herat School (ninth century AH). This unique work is a play by Khatam Miniature Yusuf and Zuleykha.
Geographically, the art and craft of embroidery during the Safavid period was mostly concentrated in the southern cities of Iran, especially in Shiraz, Isfahan and Kerman.
A close examination of the surviving works from the Safavid period shows that in this period Khatam’s work was made in two ways: first, in the style of the pre-Safavid period and imitating the artists of the patriarchal period, so that Khatam was rectangular, rectangular. And parallel to the sides and glued together, wooden layers were made. The second was in the Safavid innovative way, which was the same method of flower arranging, in which the trigonometric triangles of the al-Qaeda were glued together from side to side so that the flower and finally the qama would appear.
In this period, the inlaid triangle was often made on the basis of geometric patterns, especially pentagons, and after layering, they sat as single or compound single flowers inside the wood. Another characteristic of Khatam in the Safavid period is the use of relatively large single Khatam flowers in surface decoration. Innovation in maps and designs, use in various raw materials such as various metals and the use of different colors, especially green and red colors are among the features of Khatam’s art in the Safavid era.
The oldest surviving work of Khatam art from the Safavid period may be the shrine of Hazrat Musa ibn Ja’far (AS) and Imam Javad (AS) in Kazemin. This fund was established at the beginning of the reign of Shah Ismail Safavid in 906 AH. ق. It was created by a master artist named Mohammad Jomeh and may be the oldest work, which was decorated with Khatam, Zolfak on the penis and in the middle of the pieces as a single flower, and today its design is known as Khatam Rumi. Is.
Other works of this period include: The Khatam Fund of the Tomb of Sheikh Safi al-Din Ardabili, built by Master Mohammad Juma during the reign of Shah Ismail. The shrine of Imam Hassan Askari (AS) in Samarra, whose design name is oak, and the date of its construction dates back to the time of Shah Sultan Hussein Safavid, 3. At the entrance of Chahar Bagh School in Isfahan and 4. Dr. Khatam pointed to the court of Hazrat Shah Reza in Shahreza, Isfahan.
In describing the flourishing and excellence of Khatam’s art in the Safavid period, it is enough that Khatam’s art gained an irreplaceable reputation with the name of Shiraz city and this city reached such a level that Khatam Shiraz continued to attract the attention of artists and art lovers centuries later.
