The art of traditional pottery in Kurdistan
In the villages around Sanandaj, Saqez and Qorveh, the preparation of various pottery has been common. Iranian pottery has a long history in Iran. Pottery is one of the first and most important man-made inventions and is one of the most important works of art for historians and archaeologists.
Archaeologists study pottery to interpret people’s lives, religions, and the history of social relations and attitudes toward their neighbors.
There are four major areas in the production of pottery on the Iranian plateau, the first part includes the west of the Zagros Mountains.
The second part includes the southern regions of the Caspian Sea, which includes the provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran.
These two regions were the first areas on the plateau of Iran to start pottery, and the third part includes the northwest of the country and the regions of Azerbaijan.
The fourth section is in the southeast and includes the provinces of Kerman and Sistan and Baluchestan.
The raw materials used by potters include clay and goat hair. Stone is also used to polish it.
Scattered and rudimentary, without pottery wheels, they now make utensils, often large jars and baking ovens, for local consumption.
In simple furnaces that are dug into the ground in the form of wells and heated and cooked with wood and animal fuel.
According to ethnographic reports conducted in Kurdistan from 1374 to 1381, the presence of women potters in Hashemiz village in Javrood region, Zivieh, Sunnah, Qalandar, Mazavareh, Pir Omran, Baghdadi Kennedy, Darrehshahr, Saqez, Divandere, Qorveh and the villages of Kani Sur district of Baneh city have been reported and these women are called hovervar or potter.
The pottery produced by these women is basic and to meet basic needs, the shape of the pottery and the technology used for them allow ethnographic comparisons with archaeological data.
This type of technology is still common in Kurdistan and has provided the possibility of comparison and generalization for the study of archeological folklore.
In all the mentioned areas, almost the same dishes are made, and the necessary explanation is provided for each of them.
Dizeh, Gozeh, Gozleh, Pisuz, which is doubtful, etc., are among the dishes made by women in these Kurdish areas.
On pottery, the oven is also made by female potters, and to make the oven, the prepared flower is placed on a clean and flat ground and the oven is made with it. The construction of the oven wall is done step by step, that is, they build a part of the oven wall and wait for it to dry, then they build another part.
Recognizing and introducing the method of pottery production in its primitive form along with the manifestations of modern civilization has the ability for archaeologists to use them as dynamic data to analyze static data.