The development of pistachio orchards is facing negative productivity
Although the growth rate of pistachio orchards is positive, but the yield is negative and the development of pistachio orchards is facing negative productivity.
In the 124th session of the Pistachio Research Council, which was held last Wednesday, Dr. Javanshah, the head of the Pistachio Research Institute, said: Fertilizers have the highest cost in variable costs, but despite this, most pistachio orchards lack nutrition and Although the growth rate of orchards is positive, but their performance is negative, in other words, the development of orchards is faced with negative productivity and domestic prices are not related to export prices, and this clearly shows the role of brokerage.
He added: Profitability of pistachio production can be achieved by providing agricultural machinery services by the public or cooperative sector, timely and cheap targeted credits, timely and low-cost supply of production inputs, using a more efficient education and extension system, and finally investing in industry. And increased the appropriate conversion, and since strict standards must be observed in the export of pistachios to the final markets, so it is necessary to try to teach compliance with these standards, specifically information and training on aflatoxins, scientific storage, timely harvesting and fast processing. Can be mentioned.
He continued: Changing the market structure of inputs and products by paving the way and encouraging the conclusion of reciprocal contracts can also encourage or force farmers to comply with these standards.
He said: The efficiency of the domestic market of pistachios can be increased by establishing a union of marketing cooperatives or restructuring the existing cooperatives. As a result, domestic market demand is expected to increase as a result of declining market profits and lower consumer prices. Provides for the development of foreign markets, and ultimately improving global prices and boosting pistachio exports is not far off the mark.
Javanshah added: To reduce the problem of agricultural water, encouraging farmers to use new irrigation methods is very important and the application of new methods will not be possible on a large scale unless non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are formed to clarify the group property rights.
He said: In terms of current costs, the total variable cost in the service terminal is 13 and in the export terminal is 400 million rials and the fixed cost in the service terminal is 30 and in the export terminal is 326 million rials and 51% of the service terminal costs are related to maintenance and In the export terminal, the highest cost (22.31%) is related to transportation.
The head of the Pistachio Research Institute of the country further pointed out: in terms of cultivation and production of pistachios in different cities of Kerman province in 2003, Rafsanjan city with 39.42% hectares, 10-year average production of 10.368 kg / ha and production of 49.14 tons It has the first place and in terms of age distribution of users in Kerman province, the average age is 44.5 years and 70% of gardeners are over 40 years old.
He added: In terms of educational status (literacy), farmers have an average of seven years of formal education and 60% of gardeners have undergraduate education and 80% of them have undergraduate education.
According to the Pistachio Research Institute, he concluded: About 45% of the costs of gardeners in the structure of production costs are related to chemical and organic fertilizers, and production costs vary between 17 to 19 million rials and marketing costs between one to 1.2 million rials. Has been variable; Also, the total initial investment cost in the pistachio processing industry in the service terminal is 1560 million Rials and in the export terminal is 8380 million Rials and the main costs are 50% related to construction and 25% related to machinery.
