Transplanted walnut and its benefits
Most walnut orchards in the country are seeded. Disorders in flowering time, ripening time and differences in disease resistance are some of the problems of these gardens and this issue has problems in garden management.
However, by using transplanted seedlings, it is possible to establish a uniform garden in terms of cultivars, and by using the correct gardening methods, while reducing production costs, a high quality product can be sent to the market.
The Deputy Minister of Plant Improvement of the East Azerbaijan Jihad Agricultural Organization said: Delay is one of the major problems of walnut growers.
Ayub Irani Pham added: The production of grafted walnuts has made little progress due to the low percentage of graft attractiveness compared to other fruit trees and the need to observe technical principles to increase graft attractiveness.
Referring to the conditions of walnut transplantation, he explained: to produce good grafted seedlings, it is very important to choose mother walnut, proper grafting method, observing the right grafting time, choosing the right rootstock and grafting.
Irani Pham continued from the lack of information of walnut growers about transplanted seedlings: Gardeners and seedling growers have little information about the benefits of producing walnut transplanted seedlings.
The Deputy Minister of Plant Improvement of the East Azerbaijan Jihad Agricultural Organization reminded: Planting a significant cultivar in the walnut orchard had mechanized operations and its harvest is possible and the product is exported.
Irani Pham emphasized: by using walnut seedlings, it is possible to export the product to world markets.
The director of horticulture of the East Azerbaijan Jihad Agricultural Organization said: The preparation of mechanized and machine operations in walnut orchards covered with walnut seedlings should be considered as one of the advantages of walnut seedlings.
Sadollah Eskandari added: Reducing production costs and increasing the income of walnut growers can be considered as the benefits of using walnut seedlings.
Referring to the benefits of using grafted seedlings, he explained: Horticultural experts believe that walnut grafted seedlings are involved in increasing the yield of high quality products.
Eskandari continued: using machinery would reduce operational problems and will lead to harvesting in these gardens.
Horticulture director of East Azerbaijan Jihad Agricultural Organization, appreciating this trend in agriculture, said: Horticulture is one of the effective methods in economic transformation, increasing foreign exchange earnings through non-oil exports, and gardeners play an important role in exports.
While expressing the main problems of walnut growers in the country, Eskandari emphasized: low yield, difficulty in operation and harvesting, low product quality and high production cost are the main problems of walnut production in the country’s walnut orchards.
The expert in charge of garden development of the East Azerbaijan Jihad Agricultural Organization acknowledged: Due to the great variety of trees in a garden, choosing the best garden tree as a source of seed production can not be considered a suitable and safe way to build new gardens.
Masoud Jafarnejad added: about 100,000 seeds are planted in one hectare of treasury to produce 50-60 thousand seedlings.
He explained: The transplant method is the best way for asexual reproduction in walnuts.
Jafarnejad continued: Other methods of vegetative propagation such as cuttings, dormancy and micropropagation are less successful and have not been commercially common.
The expert in charge of garden development of the East Azerbaijan Jihad Agricultural Organization reminded: The appropriate temperature range for walnut transplantation is between 20-30 degrees, which should be provided for four weeks to achieve the most attractive grafting.
Referring to the amount of moisture suitable for graft welding, he said: The amount of moisture required by the environment for graft welding is between 45-60%.
Jafarnejad spoke about the effect of low or high soil moisture and emphasized: if the soil moisture is too high, walnut seeds will rot and rot, and if the moisture is too low, the seed growth will be delayed.
According to this report, increasing the product and considering the high quality of the product produced for export to world markets can not be considered as the most important benefits of grafted walnuts.