Zanjan coppersmith art in Iran
After stone and mud, human beings turned to metal to meet their other needs. It was used among copper metals earlier than other metals because it was found pure in nature and was easy to extract and exploit. The luster of pure copper and the interesting color of mineral stones are other reasons for its use over the past centuries.
According to archeological evidence, the use of copper dates back to 9500 BC, and before the 5th millennium BC (discovery of copper smelting) it was used purely and cold hammering method was used to shape it. Today, based on undeniable evidence found from the Iranian side, the north and center of Iran can be considered as one of the oldest metalworking centers in the world and Iranian metalworkers are among the pioneers in the discovery of copper smelting in the ancient world. The point is.
According to the discovery of the copper smelting furnace in Sagzabad, Qazvin, located in “Cemetery Hill”, by “Dr. Majdzadeh”, and the proximity of this region in terms of geography to Zanjan, which is probably the first copper smelting furnace and the existence of Large copper mines in the region, such as the Rashid Abad copper mine, can be traced back to the use of this metal in Zanjan. The Islamic period saw the ban on the use of gold and silver to make pottery, and the use of metals such as copper increased.
Because it is a malleable, malleable metal, with the ability to peel and wire and perform various decorations such as latticework, engraving, engraving, metalworking, trimming and carving, etc. Throughout history, along with other uses of copper, this metal has also been used to mint coins.
The culmination of the art of metalworking in the Islamic period belongs to the Seljuks. In this period, Zanjan, along with centers such as Khorasan, Mosul, Hamedan, Rey and Isfahan, was considered one of the most important metalworking poles. , Been. In the patriarchal period, considering the proximity of the capital of the Ilkhanid dynasty to Zanjan and the attention of patriarchal rulers to metallurgy, as well as the existence of silver-plated ornaments, the period in which the name of Sultan Oljaito is engraved can be considered the position of metalworking in this period.
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In modern times and shortly before that, hearing the word copper and copper in the public mind has been associated with Zanjan and its coppersmith market. Unfortunately, the art of coppersmithing in Zanjan has declined dramatically in the last two decades for a variety of reasons, with only 25 of the approximately 800 coppersmiths currently remaining. One of the methods used to decorate copper utensils in this city is to write on it.
